Valerian

Valerian (Valeriana) - Hardy perennial and mountain plants, of which the only one worth cultivating in a general way is the golden-leaved variety of V. Phu—an effective plant in spring, when its foliage is young; it is of neat tufted habit, and grows freely in any soil. A few dwarf alpine Valerians are sometimes grown, but they are not attractive. The flowers, too, are unpleasantly scented. Some of the larger species are pretty in rough places in moist land. V. sambucifolia, with flowers white and borne in large umbelliferous heads in July, is among the more effective things for grouping in the mixed border, rising nearly 6 feet high and being considerably more than that across. It is one of the most vigorous of perennials, and may be turned to good account in many ways, e.g., the shrubbery border and the more open approaches to the woodland.

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• Gardening Zone 4