Butterwort

Butterwort (Pinguicula) - These interesting dwarf bog-plants are pretty in the bog garden or moist spots in the rock garden. There are about half-a-dozen kinds, all resembling each other and, except P. vallisneriaefolia, natives. P. grandiflora (Irish Butterwort) is the finest. Its flowers are large and blue-purple, the leaves broad, spreading flat upon the rock or soil. It prefers the shady side of a moist mossy rock, where the face is steep and the narrow chinks are filled with rich loam. If planted in earth alone, where the drainage is imperfect, it usually perishes in winter. P. alpina differs from all other kinds in having white flowers, marked more or less with lemon-yellow on the lip, but sometimes tinted with pale pink. It roots firmly, by means of strong woody fibres, and prefers peaty soil mingled with shale or rough gravel, and shady humid positions, such as are afforded by a high rock garden with a north aspect, or by the shelter of a north wall. P. vulgaris grows freely in any sunny position in rich moist peat or peaty loam. A small form, with leaves like those of P. alpina, both in form and color, is found in alpine bogs in the north of England. P. lusitanica, found on the west coast of Scotland and in Ireland, is smaller than any of the preceding, and has pale yellow flowers. It grows in peaty bogs exposed to the sun. P. vallisneriaefolia from the mountains of Spain differs from others in its clustered habit of growth. Its leaves are pale yellowish-green, and sometimes almost transparent, becoming 4 or 5 inches long, and occasionally even 7 inches towards the end of the season. The flowers are large, soft lilac color, with conspicuous white or pale centres.

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